Simposio Internacional "Hábitat y Desarrollo Comunitario Sostenible"
HAB-COM 2021
La ampliación de la Central termoeléctrica Bocamina II en la comuna de Coronel, en Chile, desencadenó uno de los procesos más grandes de reasentamiento poblacional que ha tenido que experimentar el país. En 2008, ENDESA, a cargo del proyecto, inició el reasentamiento de población con 400 familias. Años más tarde, en la misma zona, el Estado chileno promovió el reasentamiento de otras 900 familias que se encontraban en riesgo en la zona circundante a la planta, para lo cual la empresa apoyó al proceso mediante una alianza publico privada.
The expansion of the Bocamina II thermoelectric plant in Coronel - Chile, triggered one of the largest population resettlement processes that the country has experienced. In 2008, ENDESA, in charge of the project, began resettling a population with 400 families. Years later, in the same area, the Chilean Government, in alliance with ENDESA, promoted the resettlement of another 900 families who were at risk in the area surrounding the plant.
At the beginning, this resettlement process was not equitable with the families; this generated social conflicts on several occasions and therefore undermined trust between the parties. The families were relocated in many places in Coronel, but there was always the feeling that the compensations had not been fair for everyone, that different compensation schemes were applied, that they did not have the opportunity to have a meaningful participation or prior consultation, and that their livelihoods were not restored.
In 2017, ENEL Generación Chile took over the operation of the Bocamina Power Plant, previously operated by ENDESA, and assumed responsibility for the social liabilities that had been generated as a result of the resettlement. The vision that ENEL had in the territory was transformative, since the implementation of Human Rights principles and Performance Standards of Multilateral Banking were the benchmark for resolving conflicts related to the resettlement process, making the details of the process transparent, and prioritizing the stakeholder involvement to generate fair agreements, focused on improving the living conditions of families and their livelihoods.
This article will focus on showing ENEL's experience, in the Coronel commune, to execute the multi-stakeholder dialogue with the affected communities and complete the closing of gaps in the resettlement process that began in 2008 and how this process has been successful for the improvement of the urban environment of families affected by population resettlement since the years prior to the health emergency and its challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic in Chile.
Sobre el ponente
Mr. Daniel Cárdenas