Trabajos

ALTERNATIVAS DE TRATAMIENTO A CORTES DE PERFORACIÓN CONTAMINADOS CON LODO BASE COMBUSTIBLE DIÉSEL

  • Ing. Claudia Chao Reyes

En el proceso de perforación de los pozos de petróleo son utilizados lodos base agua y/o aceite, que durante estas actividades arrastran hacia la superficie fragmentos de rocas desprendidas por la acción de la barrena perforadora, denominados cortes de perforación. El manejo inadecuado de estos cortes, que constituyen un residual altamente contaminante, genera un problema de contaminación ambiental. La presente investigación pretendió evaluar un proceso de estabilización química-biológica como t...

CUBAN NATURAL CLAYS IN THE ADSORPTION OF ORGANIC DYE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION

  • Lic. Sheila Alfonso Martín

The increasing contamination of natural ecosystems and the imminent danger that this represents for life demands the implementation of efficient decontamination methods. The adsorption processes based on natural clays have proven to be the best alternative for the elimination of dangerous and little biodegradable substances such as organic dyes, key components in the production of textiles, leather and paper [1]. The use of these adsorbents is very stimulating given their low price, abundance an...

Evaluación de las emisiones en el vertedero de Sagua y propuesta de alternativas de tratamientos. Evaluation of emissions in the Sagua landfill and proposal of treatment alternatives.

  • MsC. Teresa Margarita Cardenas Ferrer

En Sagua la Grande se generan 1290703,6 m3 /año de residuos sólidos urbanos, el 67 % son orgánicos de rápida descomposición, responsables de los diferentes procesos biológicos. El objetivo del trabajo fue calcular las emisiones existentes en el vertedero que se generan por la descomposición de los residuos dispuestos, para lo cual se utilizó el programa (Landfill Emission Model versión 3.02), elaborado por la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de Estados Unidos (EPA), demostrando que la generación ...

Adsorption of Sulfamethoxazole onto Cuban Natural Clay: an alternative to remove emerging contaminants from wastewater

  • MsC. Dayaris Hernández Oliva

The water pollution with pharmaceutical and personal care products become a serious problem in society due to the impacts that they can cause by their high concentrations in marine ecosystems and human health. The use of adsorbent materials for the removing of emerging contaminants (EC) present in wastewater is one of the simple solutions proposed by the scientific community. The use of natural clays for this purpose is an advantageous alternative considering the high adsorption capacity, compat...

Monitoring of atmospheric pollutants for prevention of adverse health events

  • Dr. Daniellys Alejo Sanchéz

In this work nitrogen dioxide and tropospheric ozone have been monitored by means of passive samplers in a zone of Santa Clara city with a high influence on the emission of combustion gases. Correlations between atmospheric conditions and respiratory illnesses were obtained. Also, a methodology to the environmental technical diagnosis to fixed sources was developed to prevent critical episodes of air pollution and diminish adverse health effects. Finally, the use of sensors has been started to m...

ADSORPTION OF AN ORGANOCHLORINATED PESTICIDE ON A FUNCTIONALIZED ACTIVATED CARBON: EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL STUDY

  • MsC. Kenia Melchor Rodríguez

In this work, the adsorption of chlordecone (CLD) on activated carbons prepared from sugar cane bagasse is evaluated and a theoretical study is done, aiming to understand the mechanism of CLD adsorption on the acidic AC surface. First, a physic-chemical characterization of the ACs were evaluated by thermal desorption, X-ray photoelectron and Boehm studies. Adsorption isotherms of CLD show that the adsorption capacity increases with the amount of carbon and by the presence of acidic groups (SGs) ...

CONTROL DE LA CONTAMINACIÓN POR HIDROCARBUROS EN ZONAS COSTERAS CON INCIDENCIA DE LA ACTIVIDAD PETROLERA

  • MsC. Ana C. Núñez Clemente

La industria petrolera cubana tiene varias de sus instalaciones ubicadas en áreas cercanas a la zona costera, por lo que existe un alto riesgo de contaminación por hidrocarburos del petróleo en los cuerpos receptores marinos relacionados con las mismas. Por tal motivo, desde hace más de una década se han desarrollado proyectos y servicios científico-técnicos de monitoreo en varios de estos ecosistemas con el fin de controlar la posible contaminación por hidrocarburos. Este trabajo tiene como obj...

Evaluación de impacto ambiental en la planta de beneficio de oro y plata de Placetas

  • Ing. Suleidys Herrera Álvarez

Con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto ambiental que presenta la planta de beneficio de oro y plata de Palcetas se realizó este trabajo. Se utiliza la guía metodológica de evaluación de impacto ambiental de Conesa, 2000 para ello se elabora la matriz teniendo en cuenta 10 acciones de impacto identificadas en la etapa de beneficio del mineral (almacenamiento y manipulación de productos tóxicos, Consumo del agua, Generación y emisiones de residuos gaseosos, líquidos y sólidos, fallas y roturas, gen...

Proposal of a methodology to estimate the ionic concentrations in samples of particulate matter collected on paper determined by ion chromatography

  • MsC. Yennier Cruz Bermúdez

In this work, a methodology for estimating the concentration of ions present in samples of particulate matter (PM) collected on filer papers determined by Ion Chromatography (IC) is proposed. Criteria for differentiating the ion concentration in the filter blank material (FBM)and in the PM sample are taken into account, due to in the analysis of water soluble ions by IC, the ions are desorved from the sample in ultra-pure water, and the levels apported by the constituent material of the blank fi...

BIODEGRADATION AND DETOXIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS BY GANODERMA WEBERIANUM B-18 IMMOBILIZED IN PACKED-BED BIOREACTOR

  • Dr. Giselle Torres Farradá

Synthetic dyes, which are extensively used for dyeing and printing in various industries are of primary importance to textile industries .Wastewaters from these industries pose a threat to the general environment and also to human health since some dyes are toxic, mutagenic and potentially carcinogenic. The diversity and complex molecular structures of dyes make wastewater from textile industries problematic to be treated by conventional physical and chemical technologies. Therefore, innovative ...

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